TWODEE-2

TWODEE-2 is a code for dispersion of heavy gases which has been derived from the optimization and improvement of a previous code. The model is based on the solution of a shallow water equations system for fluid depth, depth-averaged horizontal velocities and depth-averaged fluid density. The shallow layer approach used by TWODEE is a compromise between the complexity of CFD models and the simpler integral models. The model can be used for forecasting gas dispersion near the ground and/or for hazard assessment over complex terrains. The input to the model are topography, wind measurements from meteorological stations and gas flow rate from the ground sources.

CODE VERSIONS

TWODEE 2.6.3 (version release Jul 2024) Characteristics: Written in FORTRAN90. Package includes source codes. Meteorological preprocessor DIAGNO is distributed separately. Requirements: a F90 compiler. Makefiles are provided just for UNIX, LINUX, and MAC X OS. Download TWODEE 2.6.3 user's manual here.

REFERENCES

[1] Hankin, R., Britter, R. (1999a). TWODEE: the Health and Safety Laboratory's shallow layer model for heavy gas dispersion. Part 1. Mathematical basis and physical assumptions. J. Hazard. Mater. A66, 211-226.
[2] Hankin, R., Britter, R. (1999b). TWODEE: the Health and Safety Laboratory's shallow layer model for heavy gas dispersion. Part 2. Outline and validation of the computational scheme. J. Hazard. Mater. A66, 227-237.
[3] Hankin, R., Britter, R. (1999c). TWODEE: the Health and Safety Laboratory's shallow layer model for heavy gas dispersion. Part 3. Experimental validation (Thorney island). J. Hazard. Mater. A66, 237-261.
[4] Costa A., Chiodini G., Granieri D., Folch A., Hankin R.K.S., Caliro S., Cardellini C., Avino R. (2008). A shallow layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy., Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q03002, doi: 10.1029/2007GC001762.
[5] Folch A., Costa A., Hankin R.K.S., 2009. TWODEE-2: A shallow layer model for dense gas dispersion on complex topography, Comput. Geosci., doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2007.12.017
[6] Chiodini G., Granieri D., Avino R., Caliro S., Costa A., Minopoli C., Vilardo G., (2010) Non-volcanic CO2 Earth degassing: The case of Mefite di Ansanto (Southern Apennines), Italy, Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 37, L11303, doi: 10.1029/2010GL042858

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THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION ARE MADE AVAILABLE FOR RESEARCH AND INSTRUCTIONAL USE ONLY AND ARE FURNISHED "AS IS." YOU MAY COPY AND USE THIS SOFTWARE FOR THESE NON-COMMERCIAL PURPOSES AT NO CHARGE. FOR ALL THE OTHER USES (INCLUDING DISTRIBUTION OF MODIFIED VERSIONS), PLEASE CONTACT THE AUTHORS. THE AUTHORS MAKE NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE USEFULNESS OF THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION FOR ANY PURPOSE. THEY ASSUME NO RESPONSIBILITY (1) FOR THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION; OR (2) TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO USERS. Version TWODEE 2.6.3 Name and Surname e-mail Institution Comments

Last updated: 3 November 2021